| Okara Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced by Pretreatment with Sustainable Deep Eutectic Solvent Coupled with Various Mechanical Treatments |
| Received:February 24, 2022 Click here to download the full text |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | Li Peiyi | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China
Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Lei Haozhe | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Jian Boxing | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Liu Ruiyan | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Zhou Miaomiao | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Wang Yumeng | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Liu Hezhen | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021, China | | Wang Yun | Department of Chemical and Paper Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Western Michigan University, 4651 Campus Dr, Kalamazoo, Michigan, 49008, US | | Zhou Bingyao | Department of Chemical and Paper Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Western Michigan University, 4651 Campus Dr, Kalamazoo, Michigan, 49008, US |
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| Abstract:In this study, a green, environmentally friendly method for rapid cellulose nanofribril (CNF) preparation with a significant cost advantage was developed. Pretreatment with a deep eutectic solvent (DES) synthesized from oxalic acid dihydrate and choline chloride (ChCl-O) was combined with various mechanical treatment methods to produce okara CNFs from agricultural waste, with different diameter distributions. The results showed that high-speed stirring produced CNFs with an average diameter of 27 nm. This method was advantageous because it consumed about 94% less energy than traditional high-pressure homogenization method. The DES recovery rate was more than 90%, and DES served as a highly effective treatment, indicating that DES pretreatment is an economical, convenient, and effective strategy for okara CNF preparation. |
| keywords:okara deep eutectic solvent (DES) cellulose nanofibril (CNF) high-speed stirring high-pressure homogenization recovery |
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