| Homogeneous Synthesis and Characteri-zation of Quaternized Cellulose Derivatives in NaOH-urea Aqueous Solutions |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | Li Zhang1 | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China | | YanZhu Guo1,2,* | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China
2. Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology, Ministry of Education (Shandong Province), Qilu University of Technology, Ji’nan, Shandong Province, 250353, China | | JingHui Zhou1 | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China | | HaiMing Li1 | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China | | GuangWei Sun1 | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China | | Ying Han1 | 1. Liaoning Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034, China |
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| Fund Project:This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31500493), the Liaoning Educational Common Scientific Research Project (No. L2015044), the Liaoning Natural Science Foundation (No. 2015020576), the Open Foundation of the Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology, and Ministry of Education (Shandong Pro-vince), Qilu University of Technology (No. 08031338). |
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| Abstract:Quaternized cellulose (QC) derivatives were synthesized by reacting cellulose with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) in an aqueous solution of NaOH-urea. The chemical structures and physical properties of the obtained QC derivatives were characterized using nitrogen content analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal gravity analysis (TGA). The FT-IR and 1H-NMR results confirmed the successful introduction of cationic quaternary ammonium groups into the main chain of cellulose. A series of QC derivatives with the degree of substitution (DS) values ranging from 0.33 to 0.80 were derived by adjusting the molar ratio of CHPTAC to anhydroglucose unit (AGU) of cellulose, concentration of cellulose in the NaOH-urea solution, as well as reaction temperature and time. According to the DS values of the QC derivatives, the optimized synthe-tic conditions were as follows: 25℃ reaction temperature, 3% cellulose in NaOH-urea solution, the molar ratio of etherification agent to glycosidic cellulose of 15∶1, and 12 h reaction time. The TGA and XRD results revealed that the crystalline structure was destroyed during etherification, and the thermal stability of the QC derivatives was lower than that of cellulose. |
| keywords:sodium hydroxide-urea aqueous solution quaternized cellulose derivative homogeneous synthesis |
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